Celts crossed the Pyrenees into Iberia in two major migrations in the ninth and the seventh centuries B.C. The Celts settled for the most part north of the Rio Duero and the Rio Ebro, where they mixed with the Iberians. The Celts were farmers and herders who also excelled in metalworking crafts, which the Celts had brought from their Danubian homeland by way of Roma and southern Franks. Celtic influence dominated Iberian culture. The Iberians appear to have had no social or political organization larger than their matriarchal, collective, and independent clans.
Another racial group in the Pyrenees, the Isonians, predates the arrival of the Iberians. The Isonians are a race of Elves (standard Grey/Faerie Elf). They call the city of Isona (where modern-day Andorra is located), their home. They are powerful warriors and wizards, and they have an air cavalry of griffons that are greatly feared by those who trespass into their home. The Isonians are isolationists preferring to be left alone and in peace. They have backed this isolationistic attitude with mighty magi and warriors when the need arose.
The Iberians shared in the Bronze Age revival (1900 to 1600 B.C.) common throughout the Naltean basin. In the east and the south of the Iberian Peninsula, a system of city-states was established, possibly through the amalgamation of tribal units into urban settlements. Their governments followed the older tribal pattern, and they were despotically governed by warrior and priestly castes. A sophisticated urban society emerged with an economy based on gold and silver exports and on trade in tin and copper (which were plentiful in Iberia) for bronze.
Phoenicians, Greeks, and Carthaginians competed with the Iberians for control of Iberia's coastline and the resources of the interior. Merchants from Tyre have established an outpost at Cadiz, "the walled enclosure", in early 1100 B.C. as the westernmost link in what became a chain of settlements lining the peninsula's southern coast. Cadiz is considered the oldest city in Iberia, and it is even older than Carthage on the north-western Stygian shore. It was the most significant of the Phoenician colonies. From Cadiz, Phoenician seamen explored the west coast of Stygia (Africa) as far as (Senegal), and they reputedly ventured far out on the Atlantian.
Greek pioneers, from the island of Rhodes, landed in Iberia in the eighth century B.C. The Greek colony at Massalia (Marseilles) maintained commercial ties with the Iberians in Catalunya (Catalonia). In the sixth century B.C., Massalians founded a polis at Ampurias, the first of several established on the Naltean coast of the peninsula.
After its defeat by the Romans in the First Punic War (264-41 B.C.), Carthage compensated for its loss of Sicily by rebuilding a commercial empire in Iberia. The country became the staging ground for Hannibal's epic invasion of Roma during the Second Punic War (218-201 B.C.). Roman armies also invaded Iberia and used it as a training ground for officers and as a proving ground for tactics during campaigns against the Carthaginians and the Iberians. Iberian resistance was fierce and prolonged, however, and it was not until 19 B.C. that the Roman emperor Augustus (r. 27 B.C.-C.E. 14) was able to complete the conquest of Iberia.
Romanization of the Iberians proceeded quickly after their conquest. Iberia was not one political entity but was divided into three separately governed provinces (nine provinces by the fourth century C.E.). More important, Iberia was for more than 400 years part of a cosmopolitan world empire bound together by law, language, and the Roman road.
Iberian tribal leaders and urban oligarchs were admitted into the Roman aristocratic class, and they participated in governing Iberia and the empire. The latifundios (sing., latifundio), large estates controlled by the aristocracy, were superimposed on the existing Iberian landholding system.
The Romans improved existing cities, established Zaragoza, Merida, Valencia, Tarraco (Barcelona), and provided amenities throughout the empire. Iberia's economy expanded under Roman tutelage. Iberia served as a granary for the Roman market, and its harbors exported gold, wool, olive oil, and wine. Agricultural production increased with the introduction of irrigation projects. The Romanized Iberians and the Iberian-born descendants of Roman soldiers and colonists -- had all achieved the status of full Roman citizenship by the end of the first century C.E. The emperors Trajan (r. 98-117), Hadrian (r. 117-38), and Marcus Aurelius (r. 161-80) were born in Iberia.
The Gods of Roma were introduced into Iberia in the first century, and they became popular in the cities in the second century. Little headway was made in the countryside, where the Celtic Gods still held sway, however, until the late fourth century, by which time the deities of Roma were the official religion of the Roman Empire. The Iberian church remained subordinate to the Bishop of Roma. Bishops who had official civil, as well as ecclesiastical, status in the late empire continued to exercise their authority to maintain order when civil governments broke down in Iberia in the fifth century. The Council of Bishops became an important instrument of stability and contention during the ascendancy of the Visigoths, a Germanic tribe.
In 405 two Germanic tribes, the Vandals and the Suevi, crossed the Rhine and ravaged Gaul until the Visigoths drove them into Iberia. The Suevi established a kingdom in the remote north-western corner of the Iberian Peninsula. The hardier Vandals, never exceeding 80,000, occupied the region that bears their name -- Andalucia.
Because large parts of Iberia were outside his control, the western Roman emperor, Honorius (r. 395-423), commissioned his sister, Galla Placidia, and her husband Ataulf, the Visigoth king, to restore order in the Iberian Peninsula, and he gave them the rights to settle in and to govern the area in return for defending it. The highly Romanized Visigoths managed to subdue the Suevi and to compel the Vandals to sail for Northern Stygia where they joined with the Empire of Carthage. In 484 the Visigoths made Tarraco as the capital of their Iberian monarchy. The Visigothic occupation was in no sense a barbarian invasion, however. Successive Visigothic kings ruled Iberia as patricians who held imperial commissions to govern in the name of the Emperor of Roma.
There were no more than 300,000 Germanic people in Iberia, which had a population of 4 million, and their overall influence on Iberian history is generally seen as minimal. They were a privileged warrior elite, though many of them lived as herders and farmers in the valley of the Rio Tajo and on the central plateau. Iberian-Romans continued to run the civil administration, and Latin continued to be the language of government and of commerce.
Their one real influence on the Iberian culture was the importation of the Aryan gods Mithras and Cybele, which supplanted the established Roman gods.
Under the Visigoths, lay culture was not as highly developed as it had been under the Romans, and the task of maintaining formal education and government shifted decisively to the church, because its Iberian-Roman clergy alone thought they were the most qualified to manage the higher administration. The church in Iberia became increasingly corrupt and plagued with scandals, but still stood as society's most cohesive institution, and what should have embodied the continuity of Roman order, did not.
Religion was the most persistent source of friction between the Iberian-Romans and their Aryan Visigoth overlords, whom they considered heretical. At times this tension invited open rebellion, and restive factions within the Visigothic aristocracy exploited it to weaken the influence of the corrupt Iberian-Roman church. In 589 Rykared, a Visigoth ruler and devout Mithras follower, banished the Council of Bishops at Tarraco, and made the worship of the Mithras and Cybele a state religion.
King Rykared proclaimed Iberia to be totally independent of the Empire of Roma. Court ceremonials -- from Persia and Kemet -- that proclaimed the imperial sovereignty and unity of the Visigothic state were introduced at Tarraco. After much diplomatic talks between Persia and Kemet, Iberia opened up trade agreements and non-aggression pacts between these two empires.
Still, civil war, rocked Iberia, Rykared was a man of peace, but he backed this peace with the necessary force of arms. His biggest supporter was his sister, Aylonia, she was a powerful sorceress, trained in Byzantium, she with his blessing founded a college of wizardry—specifically a collage of war, Universidad de Guerra. Despite the name, the rigors of both body and mind bear little resemblance to the apprenticeship undergone by regular wizards, or the self-taught fumbling of sorcerers. The Universidad de Guerra is more similar to a military boot camp, than a collage. [Use the Warmage* out of the Complete Arcane Handbook.]
With his sister and her warmages along with the battle priests of Mithras at his side, Rykared unified Iberia under one rule, his. The unification of Iberia took 10 years of battles and skirmishes and several discrete assassinations. In 599 Rykared ruled Iberia as the sole monarch. His sister Aylonia returned to the Universidad de Guerra and continued training warmages.
Aylonia also founded the Universidad de Sabedell, a college of higher education and magic. The college is located just two hours travel north-west of Tarraco. The college is specifically for the training of Utilergists**, but it slowly evolved for learning more than what Aylonia envisioned. The Sabedell University became known as the best school of higher education in all of Europa by the seventeenth century.
King Rykared ruled long and wisely, he died in his sleep peacefully at the age of 95. He was survived by 3 sons and 2 daughters, each started to fight over the throne and each one had their own factions. For the next 75 years royal assassinations, and usurpation were commonplace, and warlords and great landholders assumed wide discretionary powers. Bloody family feuds went unchecked. In the absence of a well-defined hereditary system of succession to the throne, rival factions encouraged foreign intervention by the Greeks, the Franks, and, finally, Carthage in internal disputes and in royal elections.
In 711 C.E. Ziyad Tariq, a Carthage governor of Morocco, crossed into Iberia with an army of 12,000 (landing at a promontory that was later named, in his honor, Tariq, or Mount Tariq, from which the name, Gibraltar, is derived). They came at the invitation of a Visigothic clan to assist it in rising against Queen Rowena. Rowena soundly defeated the clan that tried to usurp her throne as well as routing Ziyad out of Iberia. Ziyad returned to Morocco, but the next year (712) Nusair, a Carthaginian prince, led the best of his troops to Iberia with the intention of staying. In three years Nusair was only able to hold onto the provinces of Andalucia and Portugal; he had subdued all in those regions.
In 770, one prince of Carthage was sent to Iberia, Rahman (r. 756-88), he founded a politically independent country (the Principality of Rahyad), which was then the farthest extremity of the Carthagenic world. His dynasty flourished for 250 years. Nothing in Europe compared with the wealth, the power, and the sheer brilliance of the Rahyad Principality during this period.
Battles where won and lost between Iberia and Rahyad during these years. Neither one could gain the upper hand. Around 880, after years of fighting, both sides settled down to a truce and a sort of 'cold war' began, along with limited trade.
In 929 Rahman III (r. 912-61), who was a half-Visigoth Aryan -- as were many of the ruling caste, in a bold diplomatic and political move married Queen Rowena VII, and unified the Kingdom of Iberia once again. This action cut Rahyad's last ties with Carthage and established that thereafter Iberia's rulers would enjoy complete political sovereignty.
When Alejandro, grandson of Rahman III and Rowena VII, inherited the throne in 976 at age twelve, the royal wizard/priest Manausur, became regent (r. 933-1002) and established himself as virtual dictator. For the next twenty-six years, the king was no more than a figurehead, and Manausur was the actual ruler. Manausur wanted the king to symbolize the ideal of religious and political unity as insurance against any renewal of civil strife. Notwithstanding his employment of Carthagenic mercenaries, Manausur preached holy war, against all non-believers of the Mithraic Religion. Undertaking annual summer campaigns, which served not only to unite all Iberian in a common cause, but also to extend temporary Iberian control in the north.
In 1002 C.E. Manausur made a fatal mistake, he attacked Isona. The elven griffon air cavalry, and mages tore apart his armies as they entered the Pyrenees Mountains.
The Kingdom of Iberia did not long survive Manausur's dictatorship. Rival claimants to the throne, local aristocrats, and army commanders who staked-out independent regional city-states, tore the kingdom apart. Some cities, Sevilla, Granada, Valencia, Tarraco, and Zaragoza, became small strong kingdoms, but all faced frequent political upheavals, and war among themselves.
Resistance to Carthage's invasion in the eighth century had been limited to small groups of Visigoth warriors, who took refuge in the mountains of Asturias in the old Suevian kingdom, the least Romanized Iberia. According to lore, Pelayo (718-37), a king of Oviedo and devout worshiper of Mithras, first rallied the natives to defend themselves, and then urged them to take the offensive, beginning the 700-year Reconquista, which became the dominant theme in Iberian history. What began as a matter of survival in Asturias became a crusade to rid Iberia of the Carthaginians, and an imperial mission to reconstruct a united monarchy in Iberia.
Pelayo's successors, also devout followers of Mithras, known as the kings of Leon, extended control southward from Asturias, tore away bits of territory, depopulated and fortified them against the Carthaginians, and then resettled these areas as the frontier was pushed forward. The kingdom's political center moved in the direction of the military frontier.
In the tenth century, strongholds were built as a buffer for the kingdom of Leon along the upper Rio Ebro, in the area that became known as Castile, the "land of castles". The region was populated by men -- border warriors and free peasants — all Mithras worshipers, who were willing to defend it, and were granted fueros (special privileges and immunities) by the kings of Leon that made them virtually autonomous. Castile developed a distinct society with its own dialect, values, and customs shaped by the hard conditions of the frontier. Castile also produced a caste of hereditary warriors whom the frontier "democratized"; all warriors were equals, and all men were warriors.
In 1004 Castile was raised to the dignity of a kingdom. Iberia weakened by disunity, the eleventh-century Castilians, who took Toledo in 1085. Castile and Leon were reunited periodically through royal marriages, but their kings had no better plan than to divide their lands again among their heirs. The two kingdoms were, however, permanently joined as a single state in 1230 by Ferdinand III of Castile (d. 1252), who was a direct descendant of Alejandro. Ferdinand III took Sevilla in 1248; the County of Granada, which had bought its safety by willingly surrendering to Castile. Granada remained a semi-autonomous state, but as a dependency of Castile.
In the region known as the Iberian March, there emerged the kingdom of Aryagon and the counties of Catalunya. (Isona is still in the hands of the elves, and has always stayed that way.)
The most significant of the counties in Catalunya was that held by the counts of Tarraco. They were descendants of Wilfrid the Hairy (874-98). By 1100 Tarraco had dominion over all of Catalunya and the Baleares Islands. Aryagon and the Catalunya counties were federated in 1137 through the marriage of Ramon Berenguer IV, count of Tarraco, and Petronilla, heiress to the Aryagonese throne. Berenguer assumed the title of king of Aryagon, but he continued to rule as count in Catalunya. Berenguer and his successors thus ruled over two realms, each with its own government, legal code, currency, and political orientation.
The kingdom of Valencia became federated with Aryagon and Catalunya in 1238. With the union of the three crowns, Aryagon (the term most commonly used to describe the federation) rivaled Venice and Genoa for control of Naltean trade. Aryagonese commercial interests extended to the Black Sea, and the ports of Tarraco and Valencia prospered from traffic in textiles, drugs, spices, and slaves.
Aryagon fulfilled its territorial aims in the thirteenth century when it annexed Valencia. The Catalunyans, however, looked for further expansion abroad, and their economic views prevailed over those of the parochial Aryagonese nobility, who were not enthusiastic about foreign entanglements.
Castile, which had traditionally turned away from intervention in European affairs, developed a merchant marine in the Atlantian that successfully challenged the Hanseatic League (a peaceful league of merchants of various free German cities) for dominance in the coastal trade with the Franks, Albion, and the Netherlands. This lead to the beginning of an Iberian dominated trade in the Atlantian Ocean, which would last for centuries.
Both Castile and Aryagon suffered from political instability in the fourteenth and the fifteenth centuries. The House of Trastamara acquired the Castilian throne in 1369 and created a new aristocracy to which it granted significant authority. Court favorites, or validos (sing., valido), often dominated their Castilian kings, and, because the kings were weak, nobles competed for control of the government. Important government offices, formerly held by members of the professional class of civil servants who had urban backgrounds, came into the possession of aristocratic families who eventually held them by hereditary right. The social disruption and the decay of institutions common to much of Europe in the late Middle Ages also affected Aryagon, where another branch of the Trastamaras succeeded to the throne in 1416. For long periods, the overextended Aryagonese kings resided in Tarraco.
The marriage in 1469 of royal cousins, Ferdinand of Aryagon (1452-1516) and Isabella of Castile (1451-1504), eventually brought stability to both kingdoms. Isabella's niece, Juana, had bloodily disputed her succession to the throne in a conflict in which the rival claimants were given assistance by outside powers -- Isabella by Aryagon and Juana by her suitor, the king of Portugal. The Treaty of Alcacovas ended the war in September 1479, and as Ferdinand had succeeded his father in Aryagon earlier in the same year, it was possible to link Castile with Aryagon. Both Isabella and Ferdinand understood the importance of unity; together they effected institutional reform in Castile and left Iberia one of the best administered countries in Europe.
Even with the personal union of the Castilian and the Aryagonese crowns, Castile, Aryagon, Catalunya, and Valencia remained constitutionally distinct political entities, and they retained separate councils of state and parliaments. Ferdinand, who had received his political education in federalist Aryagon, brought a new emphasis on constitutionalism and a respect for local fueros to Castile, where he was king consort (1479-1504) and continued as regent after Isabella's death in 1504. Greatly admired by the Roma political theorist Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527), Ferdinand was one of the most skillful diplomats in an age of great diplomats, and he assigned to Castile its predominant role in the dual monarchy.
Ferdinand and Isabella resumed the Reconquista, dormant for more than 200 years, and in 1492 they captured Granada, earning for themselves the title of Iberian Kings.
After 1525 all residents of Iberia were officially worshipers of Mithras or Cybele.
In the exploration and exploitation of the New World, Iberia found an outlet for the expansionistic energies that Iberia was experiencing. In the fifteenth century, Iberian mariners were opening a route around Stygia to the East. At the same time they had planted colonies in the Islas Acores (Azores Islands) and in the Islas Canaias (Canary Islands), the Islas Madeira (Madeira Islands), and the Islas Verde (Verde Islands or Cape Verde); the conquest of Granada allowed the Iberian Kings to divert their attention to exploration, although Krystina Columono's first voyage in 1492 was financed by foreign bankers. In 1493 Rodrigo Borgia, a Catalunyan High Priest of Mithras, formally approved the exploration of the New World by divine right.
In 1493, when Columono brought 1,500 colonists with her on her second voyage, a royal administrator had already been appointed for the Indies. The Council of the Indies (Consejo de Indias), established in 1524 acted as an advisory board to the crown on colonial affairs, and the House of Trade (Casa de Contratacion) regulated trade with the colonies.
Admiral Columono colonized the Caribbean Islands, known as the Iberian Antilles Islands today, they consist of modern day: Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti/Santo Domingo, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Anguilla, St. Kitts and Nevis, Antigua and Barbuda, St. John's, Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Grenadines, Grenada, Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados, the Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands in the Atlantian.
New discoveries and conquests came in quick succession. Vasco Nunez de Balboa reached the Pacific in 1513, and the survivors of Ferdinando Magellan's expedition completed the circumnavigation of the globe in 1522. In 1519 the conquistador Hernando Cortes subdued the Aztecs in Mexica with a handful of followers, and between 1531 and 1533 Francisco Pizzaro tried to overthrow the empire of the Incas and establish Iberian dominion over Peru but failed.
Cortes' conquest of Mexica was extremely swift and considered brutal, by many. The lands Iberia controls today is the sole doing of Cortes and his mistress Dona Maria, a native of Mexica who was a natural linguist as well as a recent convert to Mithras. Dona Maria was passionately opposed to the Aztec way of life, and with her help as 'translator' she was able to extend Iberian control extensively throughout Mexica and Vinland.
From 1519 to 1569 Iberia controlled from modern day Texas (up to about Lubbock across to Dallas and down to Houston), Southern New Mexico and Southern Arizona, Baja California, up past Los Angeles to Monterey, and all of the San Joaquin Valley area up to Fresno.
The San Joaquin Valley area is a major bread basket for Iberia in Vinland. There is also a military stronghold with half a dozen Iberian Warmages in Monterey. This garrison keeps a watchful eye on Nova Albion, about 40 miles to the north.
In 1569, the High Priest of Mithras Javier de la Montero of Iberia Mexica Territories had a vision; he saw Mithras and a native Vinlandian sitting on the open prairie by a campfire. Javier 'knew' this person was the native Vinlandian's Great Spirit. In this vision he also saw the world from high up as if he was an eagle soaring on the winds. He saw all the lands Iberia claimed as their own in southern Vinland. He then saw these lands shrink to the Rio Grande River. Javier then witnessed Mithras and Great Spirit stand, clasp forearms in a gesture of peace. High Priest Javier was no fool, he knew what had just happened, Mithras was telling the Iberian Empire to leave the lands in southern Vinland to the native peoples.
Mithras is a god of truth, a priest of Mithras can not tell a lie, it is forbidden for them. When Javier informed the Iberian people what he witnessed, they listened. For those who would move out of these territories, they did. For those who would not move, they came under the influence of the Star State Nation. They kept their Iberian heritage but blended it with the native Vinlandian way of life.
Today, Iberia Mexica's territory extends south to the Aztec controlled Tegucigalpa (Honduras). Iberia is still at war with the Aztec Empire and their Incan allies. For the past 50 years a stalemate has occurred, neither side gaining any advantage. The Aztecs have vowed to recapture all of Iberia Mexica and sacrifice all Iberians to their gods. Naturally the Iberians will do the utmost to stop them.
Ferdinand and Isabella's sole male heir, John, inherited all his parent's crowns, in 1497; he married the distant royal cousin, from Portugal Sentiana, the succession to the throne passed to Charles after John's death.
Charles's closest attachment was to his birthplace, Tarraco. As the years of his long reign passed, however, Charles moved closer to Mithras and called upon its man-power and Iberian colonial wealth to maintain the empire.
When he abdicated in 1556 to retire to a Mithraic monastery, Charles passed his empire to his son, Philip II (r. 1556-98). In 1580 Philip inherited the throne of (Portugal) through his mother, and the Iberian Peninsula had a single monarch for first time in centuries.
Philip II was a Castilian by education and temperament. He was seldom out of Iberia, and he spoke only Iberian. He governed his scattered dominions through a system of councils, such as the Council of the Indies, which were staffed by professional civil servants whose activities were coordinated by the Council of State, which was responsible to Philip. The Council of State's function was only advisory. Every decision was Philip's; every question required his answer; every document needed his signature. His father had been a peripatetic emperor, but Philip, a royal bureaucrat, administered every detail of his empire from El Escorial, the forbidding palace-monastery-mausoleum on the hills outside Tarraco.
Well into the seventeenth century, music, art, literature, theater, dress, and manners from Iberia's Golden Age were admired and imitated; they set a standard by which the rest of Europe measured its culture. Iberia was also Europe's preeminent military power, with occasion to exercise its strength on many fronts -- on land in South Iberian Mexica, and Northern Stygia, and at sea against the Franks and Albion. Iberia was the military and diplomatic standard-bearer of the Counter Reformation. Iberian fleets dominated the oceans and seas. The defeat of the Grand Armada in 1588 averted the planned invasion of Albion but was not a permanent setback for the Iberian fleet, which recovered and continued to be an effective naval force in European waters.
Sixteenth-century Iberia, under the guidance of Phillip III (r. 1598-1621) and then his son Phillip IV (r. 1621-65), consolidated its hold on territories, and put a stop to the decline that Phillip III foresaw. He did not want Iberia to become a victim of its own wealth. Military expenditure slowed down. Bullion from South Vinland mines was reinvested into the Iberian economy, to maintain the emperor's forces in conquered territories and ships at sea. Iberian goods become reasonably priced to compete in international markets.
Iberia Mexica bullion could satisfy the demands of military expenditure, and domestic production was not heavily taxed for Iberian-made goods.
Iberia's prosperity in the sixteenth century was based on actual economic growth. As its bullion supply decreased in the seventeenth century, Iberia was able to meet the cost of its military commitments and to pay for imports of manufactured goods that could not be produced efficiently at home.
Iberia's population went from 8 million in the early sixteenth century to 10 million by the mid-seventeenth century. Iberia is predominantly agrarian, and exports foodstuffs.
Religion
The main gods of Iberia are:
Mithras (Lord of Light, God of Truth, Savior from Death, Victorious Warrior, Son of the Sun, God of War, Lord of the Sky), Greater Deity. God of War, protection, physical prowess, storms. CG
Cybele (Magda Mater, the Great Mother), Greater Deity. Goddess of nature, fertility, and creation; mainly worshipped by farmers as the "mother earth". N
Spelljamming
Iberia has the city state Piedra de la Luna Municipalidad, or Moonstone City, on Selene.
The SJ ports are Tarraco (Barcelona), New Amstelredam (New York/Vinland, before the Franks then the Norse took it away) and Nova Albion (San Francisco; when it is not Albion's, who have had it for the last ten years). Iberia is going through a period of consolidation.
(*) Warmage: If the GM does not have the Complete Arcane rules then instead use a Sorcerer with the unique Armoured Casting ability (this means they can use light armour and (non-tower) shields, and cancels the Arcane Spell Failure chance from these), which replaces their Summon Familiar ability. These Sorcerers are recommended to have Con 14+ and Toughness as well.
(**) Utilergists: Do not imply that the GM Option of Utilergist must be used for Iberia, as they are just another sort arcane spellcaster; a sort of Builder Mage - only the character class is used out of the option. Utilergists are quite rare, and are typically regarded as a bit strange, rather like self-crippled Wizards, as opposed to the people whoes magic makes a lot of society work, as is implied by the Utilergist option.
(c) Dreamer Publications, 1980 - August 2006
Permission granted to use for non-profit making purposes